Method of forming alpha reenforced concrete construction



W. P. DAY

July 8, 1930.

METHOD OF FORMING A REENFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION Filed June 17, 1929gwuewtoz vide a method of Patented July 8, 1930 UNITED STATES WILLIAM1?. DAY, OF CLEVELAND HEIGHTS, OHIO METHOD OF FORMING A BEENFORGEDCONCRETE CONSTRUCTION Application filed .Tune 17,

This invention relates to a method of forming a reenforced concreteconstruction and is of general application.

The main object of the invention is to proforming a steel reinforcedconcrete construction which will cause substantially all voids in theconcrete to be eliminated and which will cause the concrete to adhere toor bond with the steel reenforcement in such a manner as to produce avery strong construction.

A further object of the invention is to provide a method of forming asteel reenforced concrete construction which is Well, adapted for use inconnection with buildings, bridges, railway roadbed construction, and infact, in any connection where it is desirable to make use of reenforcedconcrete.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a method ofapplying concrete to the steel work of a building, bridge or similarconstruction in such a manner as to cause the concrete to firmly bondwith the steel and eliminate voids or air pockets.

Further and more limited objects of the invention will appear as thedescription proceeds and by reference to the accompanying drawingdisclosing a vertical sectional view of a portion of a steel frame workof a building, bridge or similar structure.

Heretofore it has been quite difficult and practically impossible toobtain a reenforced concrete construction which contains no voids or airpockets. Moreover, in cases where the steel reenforcement projects outof the concrete, it has been very diflicult and practically impossibleto prevent water from seeping in adjacent the steel frame work. Waterdeteriorates the concrete construction and, due to the freezing andthawing action, tends to produce cracks or crevices. According to myimproved method of forming the construction, I have eliminated thisdifliculty by vibrating or tamping the steel reenforcement while theconcrete is still green or plastic; and continuing this vibration tocause the concrete to settle and to bond with the reenforcement. Thisvibration also causes the concrete and particles of stone to settle,thus eliminating air pockets and voids 'to bond with the steelreenforcement. The

. additional concrete PATENT OFFICE i929. Serial No. 371,334.

between the particles of stone. Moreover, by eliminating these voids andby providing a more perfect bond between the steel and concrete, Igreatly increase the structures ability to shed water and thereforegreatly prolong the life of the structure asa whole. According to thepreferred embodiment of this invention, I first substantially enclosethe steel reenforcement with a mold. Soft concrete is then poured intothe mold and preferably simultaneously with the pouring of the concreteI vibrate or tamp the reenforcement, thus causing the concreteto settleand to flow evenly throughout the mold and vibration of thereenforcement may be produced in any desired manner, as for example, bymeans of a mechanical or pneumatic vibrator or pulsator. The vibrationis continued until no further settling of the concrete is noticeable tocause the concrete to bond with the steel. The concrete will adhere tothe steel and there will be no cracks or crevices adjacent the steelreenforcement. Hence there will be no chance of water seeping in.

In the drawing 1 have disclosed somewhat diagrammatically a portion of abuilding or other structure embodying steel beams or girders 1 and 2. Incarrying out my 8 method I first substantially enclose the beams orgirders with a mold 3. Soft concrete is then poured into the mold andpreferably simultaneous with the pouring operation I vibrate the beamsby means of one or more vibrators 4 and 5 which may be operated eithermechanically or pneumatically. The vibration is continued to cause theconcrete to adhere to and form intimate contact withthe steel and as theconcrete settles in the mold 9 is added. This operation is continueduntil the mold'is filled. The concrete is allowed to harden in thisposition and the mold is subsequently removed. if desired, the mold maybe first partially filled with loose stone and cement-grout poured in ontop. of the stone, the reenforcement being vibrated during the pouringof the concrete and until the concrete has thoroughly permeated thestone and filled all i voids therein. The number and the force of theblows imparted to the steel reenforcement may of the construction. Withthis method, 1 am able to use from five to fifteen-percent more concretein the same space and thereby greatly increase the strength of theconstruction.

Various changes may be made in the specific manner of carrying out theseveral steps set forth, as well as in the manner of vibrating thereenforcement, without departing from the spirit of my invention; andwhile I have used the term concrete in this specification, I do not wishto be limited to any specific mixture of sand, stone, cement, or othermaterial, but have used the term generically to mean any mixture ofbonding material, such as phalt, with sand, gravel, stone or othermaterial. It is, therefore, understood that the invention is limitedonly in accordance with the scope of the appended claims. It will now beclear that I have providedla method of forming a reenforcedconcrete'construction which Will accomplish the objtcts of the inventionas hereinbefore stated.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: A

1. The method of forming a steel reen- 'forced concrete constructionwhich consists in substantially enclosing the metal reenforcement with amold, pouring soft concrete within the mold and simultaneously vibratingthe reenforcement, and continuing such vibration to cause the concreteto settle and bond with the reenforcement, such vibrations beingimparted directly to the reenforcement.

2. The method of forming a steel reenforced concrete construction whichconsists in substantially surrounding the metal reenforcement with amold, pouring soft concrete within the mold and simultaneously tappingthe reenforcement, and continuing such tapping to cause the concrete tosettle and to bondwith the steel reenforcement.

3. The method of forming a reenforce'd concrete construction whichconsists in substantiall enclosing a metal ree'nforcement with so tconcrete and vibrating the reenforcement while the concrete is settingto cause the concrete to settle and to bond with the metalreenforce'ment, such vibrations being imparted directly to thereenforcement.

4:. The method of forming a metal reenforced concrete construction whichconsists in substantiallysurrounding the reenforcement with a mold,substantially filling the mold with loose particles of stone, thenpouring soft concrete on the loose stone and simultaneously vibratingthe reenforcement to cause the concrete the stone and to eliminatevoids, and vibrating the reenforcement to cause the concrete be variedaccording to the nature begins to set, such cement, cement-grout or astothoroughly permeate to thoroughly permeate the stone and to bond withthe reenforcement, said vibrations being imparted directly to thereenforcement.

5. The method of applying concrete to ametal frame work which consistsin enclosing the frame work with a mold, pouring concrete within themold and vibrating the frame work while the concrete is soft, andcontinuing such vibration'until the concrete begins to set, suchvibrations being imparted directly to the framework.

6. The method of applying concrete to the steel girders or beams of asteel 'frame work which consists in enclosing the girders or beams witha mold, pouring soft concrete within the mold and simultaneouslyvibrating the girders or beams until the concrete vibrations beingimparted directly to the girders or beams.

7. The method of forming a metal reenforced concrete construction whichconsists in embedding the metal reenforcement in wet concrete and, whilethe concrete is still green or plastic, vibrating reenforcement for asuflicient period of time to cause the concrete to settle and to bondwith the reen'forcement, such vibrations being applied directly to thereenforcement.

8. The method of forming a steel reenforced concrete construction whichconsists in covering the steel reenforcement with a I mass of wetconcrete and While the concrete is still plastic imparting suflicientpulsations or vibrations to the steel reenforcement to cause theconcrete to settle and to bond with the reenforcement and tosubstantially eliminate voids in the construction, such vibrations beingapplied directly to the reenforce ment.

. 9. The method of forming a concrete construction having a metalreenforcement which includes partially surrounding the reenforcementwith wet concrete and then apsignature. 1

WILLIAM P. DAY.

